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Supercritical water oxidation

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) refers to the rapid oxidation of organics in water in the supercritical phase of water. 'Supercritical’ refers to the state of water within a specific region of pressure (>218 bar) and temperature (>374 °C) where water becomes both a solvent and oxidant for all chemical species.

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Sludge thermochemical treatment

An introduction to sludge thermochemical treatment methods

Hierarchy of thermochemical methods for sludge treatment, showing the oxidative processes of incineration, wet (or wet air) oxidation and supercritical water oxidation along with the non-oxidative processes of pyrolysis, gasification and hydrothermal treatment.

Sludge thermochemical treatment − an overview

Thermochemical methods are used for either degrading the sludge solids or pre-treating sludge upstream of anaerobic digestion

Rotating cone configuration

Sludge thermochemical reactor design configurations

Various reactor configurations exist for sludge thermochemical treatment which vary in design, operation and application

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Oxidative thermochemical treatment

An introduction to oxidative sludge thermochemical treatment methods

States of water as a function of temperature and pressure, showing the critical point and the supercritical region

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of sludge

Supercritical water oxidation refers to the oxidation of organics in water in the so-called supercritical phase of water

Supercritical water oxidation features and blogs

HTC/AD integration flowsheet

Feature

Co-processing of sewage digestate by hydrothermal carbonisation

Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) can be used to co-process anaerobic digestion (AD) digestate and lignocellulosic (or plant-based) feedstocks to improve the the hydrochar product quality. This AD waste co-processing route has been studied at bench scale. Read article

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PFAS molecule

How do you solve a problem like PFAS?

More Supercritical water oxidation topics…

Incineration

Incineration oxidatively converts the sludge solids into gaseous and predominantly mineral products at high temperatures

Wet air oxidation

Wet air oxidation of sludge is the degradation, hydrolysis and oxidation of organic matter at high temperatures and pressures

Thermal destruction - oxidative
Oxidative methods for sludge thermal treatment comprise incineration, wet air oxidation and supercritical water oxidation
Thermal destruction - non-oxidative
Non-oxidative thermochemical treatment of sewage sludge refers to treatment at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen

More process and operation topics…

Thickening, dewatering & drying

Thickening, dewatering and drying extract water from sludge to reduce the sludge volume

Sludge stabilisation

Sludge stabilisation − alkaline stabilisation, lime and solids dosing, plus anaerobic and aerobic digestion

Sludge quality

Sludge is the main waste stream from the treatment of wastewater

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